. Any char except newline (use s flag for newlines)
\w Word char [a-zA-Z0-9_]
\d Digit [0-9]
\s Whitespace (space, tab, newline…)
\W \D \S Negated versions of above
[abc] Character set — any of a, b, or c
[^abc] Negated set — anything except a, b, c
[a-z] Character range